喇嘛網心靈園地

保羅博士〈 PAUL EKMAN 〉

The New York Times article The 43 Facial Muscles That Reveal said紐約時報文章臉部43塊肌肉透露說:

Dr. Paul Ekman, the professor of psychology who has become the worlds most famous face reader, is much in demand these days.保羅博士,心理學教授的人,已成為世界上最著名的面對讀者,這些天是更高的需求,.

The Dalai Lama and Dr. Ekman, who have met twice, found such synergy in their understanding of human emotions that the Dalai Lama gave Dr. Ekman $50,000 in seed money to learn how to improve emotional balance in schoolteachers and other people in high pressure jobs.達賴喇嘛和他的Ekman博士,曾兩度會晤,發現這種協同作用,他們了解人類的感情,達賴喇嘛給ekman博士5萬元開辦費學習如何改善情緒的平衡,教師和其他人,在高壓力的工作.

The Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Central Intelligence Agency and state and local police forces have turned to Dr. Ekman for help learning to read subtle emotional cues from the faces, voices and body language of potential assassins, terrorists and questionable visa applicants.聯邦調查局中央情報局以及州和地方警察部隊已轉向博士的ekman幫助學習閱讀微妙的情感線索,從面孔,聲音和肢體語言的潛在殺手,恐怖分子和可疑簽證申請人.

Dr. Paul Ekman , is a pioneer in the study of emotions and facial expressions, and is professor emeritus of psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California Medical School (UCSF) where he was active for 32 years.保羅博士是一個先驅,在學習,情緒和面部表情,是名譽教授,心理學在精神病學系,在美國加州大學醫學院(國家地理),而他積極為32年. He currently continues to consult on research and training related to emotion and deception.他目前仍繼續磋商,研究和培訓有關情感和欺騙.

Contrary to the belief of some anthropologists at the time including Margaret Mead , Paul found that at least some facial expressions and their corresponding emotions are not culturally determined, but appear to be universal to human culture and thus presumably biological in origin, as Charles Darwin had once theorized.相反的信念,一些人類學家,在當時包括瑪格麗特米德保羅發現,至少有一些表情和相應的情緒是不是文化決定的,但似乎是普遍的人類文化,從而假定的生物起源,正如達爾文曾經的天敵. His finding is now widely accepted by scientists.他的發現是,現在人們普遍接受的科學家. Expressions he found to be universal included anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.他表示,發現的普遍性,包括憤怒,厭惡,恐懼,歡樂,悲傷和驚訝. Findings on contempt are less clear, though there is at least some preliminary evidence for its being universally recognized.結果藐視不太清楚,但至少有一些初步的證據,它是世界公認的.

Paul reported facial microexpressions that could be used to reliably detect concealed emotions.保羅報道面microexpressions可以用來可靠地檢測到隱藏的情緒. He also developed the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to taxonomize every conceivable human facial expression.他還制定了行動面部編碼系統(流式細胞儀)taxonomize可以想像每個人的面部表情.

He received his undergraduate education at the University of Chicago and New York University .他獲得了大學本科教育,在美國芝加哥大學和紐約大學等. He received his Ph.D.他獲得博士學位 from Adelphi University in 1958 after spending a year in clinical internship at the Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute , part of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).從adelphi大學在1958年之後,花了1年的臨床實習,在蘭利波特精神病學研究所部分美國加州大學,舊金山(國家地理). He served as chief psychologist in the U.S. Army, Fort Dix , New Jersey from 1958-1960.他擔任首席心理學家,在美國陸,迪克斯堡,新澤西州,從1958年. On discharge he returned to UCSF where he held a three year postdoctoral research fellowship.他出院回到少於他那裡舉行的為期3年的博士後研究獎學金. He then initiated his research program supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health , the National Science Foundation , and the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the DOD , loosely affiliated with UCSF.然後,他開始自己的研究項目得到資助,從國家心理健康研究所,美國國家科學基金會和美國高級研究計劃局,國防部,鬆散隸屬於國家地理. In 1972 he was appointed Professor of Psychology at UCSF.1972年他被任命為教育心理系教授地理協會.

His interests have focused on two separate but related topics.他的利益都集中在兩個獨立但相關課題. He originally focused on nonverbal behavior , and by the mid-60s concentrated on the expression and physiology of emotion.他原本側重於言語行為,由六十年代中期,集中表達生理和情感. His second interest is interpersonal deception .他的第二興趣是人際欺騙.

Pauls many honors have included the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award of the American Psychological Association in 1991, and an honorary doctor of humane letters from the University of Chicago in 1994.保羅的許多獎項包括傑出科學貢獻獎,美國心理學協會1991年一個名譽博士人文來信芝加哥大學在1994年. He has been designated one of the 100 most important psychologists of the twentieth century by the American Psychological Association .他已指定其中的100名最重要的心理學家,20世紀由美國心理協會.

He authored Emotions Revealed : Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life , Telling Lies: Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace, Politics, and Marriage , Emotions Revealed : Understanding Faces and Feelings , Darwin and Facial Expression: A Century of Research in Review , The face of man: Expressions of universal emotions in a New Guinea village , coauthored Unmasking the Face and Why Kids Lie: How Parents Can Encourage Truthfulness , edited Emotions Inside Out: 130 Years After Darwins the Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals , and coedited What the Face Reveals : Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System .他執筆的情緒透露:認識面孔和情感,加強溝通和感情生活,假話:線索,以欺騙手段在市場中,政治與婚姻,情感透露:面臨理解和感受,達爾文和表情:一個世紀的研究檢討後,面對男:表達的普遍情緒,在新幾內亞村,種植海洛因和販毒活動,揭露和面對孩子為什麼說謊:父母如何鼓勵真,主編情緒夾起:130年後,達爾文的表達情感的人與動物,並coedited什麼面顯示:基礎研究和應用研究的自發表達用行動面部編碼系統. Read the full list of his publications!看過名單,他的出版物! In 2001, he collaborated with John Cleese for the excellent BBC documentary series The Human Face .2001年,他同約翰奶酪為優良廣播紀錄片系列的人臉.

Watch Pauls interview conducted by the Institute of International Studies Conversations with History series.看保羅的訪談進行,由國際關係研究所,在交談中的歷史系列. (Or read the transcript !) Read The New Yorker article The Naked Face , the San Francisco Chronicle article The lie detective S.F psychologist has made a science of reading facial expressions , and the Smithsonian Magazine article Reading Faces .

	臉部43塊肌肉之表達分類：地方

		保羅博士〈 PAUL EKMAN 〉 The New York Times article The 43 Facial Muscles That Reveal said紐約時報文章臉部43塊肌肉透露說: Dr. Paul Ekman, the professor of psychology who has become the worlds most famous face reader, is much in demand these days.保羅博士,心理學教授的人,已成為世界上最著名的面對讀者,這些天是更高的需求,. The Dalai Lama and Dr. Ekman, who have met twice, found such synergy in their understanding of human emotions that the Dalai Lama gave Dr. Ekman $50,000 in seed money to learn how to improve emotional balance in schoolteachers and other people in high pressure jobs.達賴喇嘛和他的Ekman博士,曾兩度會晤,發現這種協同作用,他們了解人類的感情,達賴喇嘛給ekman博士5萬元開辦費學習如何改善情緒的平衡,教師和其他人,在高壓力的工作. The Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Central Intelligence Agency and state and local police forces have turned to Dr. Ekman for help learning to read subtle emotional cues from the faces, voices and body language of potential assassins, terrorists and questionable visa applicants.聯邦調查局中央情報局以及州和地方警察部隊已轉向博士的ekman幫助學習閱讀微妙的情感線索,從面孔,聲音和肢體語言的潛在殺手,恐怖分子和可疑簽證申請人. Dr. Paul Ekman , is a pioneer in the study of emotions and facial expressions, and is professor emeritus of psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California Medical School (UCSF) where he was active for 32 years.保羅博士是一個先驅,在學習,情緒和面部表情,是名譽教授,心理學在精神病學系,在美國加州大學醫學院(國家地理),而他積極為32年. He currently continues to consult on research and training related to emotion and deception.他目前仍繼續磋商,研究和培訓有關情感和欺騙. Contrary to the belief of some anthropologists at the time including Margaret Mead , Paul found that at least some facial expressions and their corresponding emotions are not culturally determined, but appear to be universal to human culture and thus presumably biological in origin, as Charles Darwin had once theorized.相反的信念,一些人類學家,在當時包括瑪格麗特米德保羅發現,至少有一些表情和相應的情緒是不是文化決定的,但似乎是普遍的人類文化,從而假定的生物起源,正如達爾文曾經的天敵. His finding is now widely accepted by scientists.他的發現是,現在人們普遍接受的科學家. Expressions he found to be universal included anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.他表示,發現的普遍性,包括憤怒,厭惡,恐懼,歡樂,悲傷和驚訝. Findings on contempt are less clear, though there is at least some preliminary evidence for its being universally recognized.結果藐視不太清楚,但至少有一些初步的證據,它是世界公認的. Paul reported facial microexpressions that could be used to reliably detect concealed emotions.保羅報道面microexpressions可以用來可靠地檢測到隱藏的情緒. He also developed the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to taxonomize every conceivable human facial expression.他還制定了行動面部編碼系統(流式細胞儀)taxonomize可以想像每個人的面部表情. He received his undergraduate education at the University of Chicago and New York University .他獲得了大學本科教育,在美國芝加哥大學和紐約大學等. He received his Ph.D.他獲得博士學位 from Adelphi University in 1958 after spending a year in clinical internship at the Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute , part of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).從adelphi大學在1958年之後,花了1年的臨床實習,在蘭利波特精神病學研究所部分美國加州大學,舊金山(國家地理). He served as chief psychologist in the U.S. Army, Fort Dix , New Jersey from 1958-1960.他擔任首席心理學家,在美國陸,迪克斯堡,新澤西州,從1958年. On discharge he returned to UCSF where he held a three year postdoctoral research fellowship.他出院回到少於他那裡舉行的為期3年的博士後研究獎學金. He then initiated his research program supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health , the National Science Foundation , and the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the DOD , loosely affiliated with UCSF.然後,他開始自己的研究項目得到資助,從國家心理健康研究所,美國國家科學基金會和美國高級研究計劃局,國防部,鬆散隸屬於國家地理. In 1972 he was appointed Professor of Psychology at UCSF.1972年他被任命為教育心理系教授地理協會. His interests have focused on two separate but related topics.他的利益都集中在兩個獨立但相關課題. He originally focused on nonverbal behavior , and by the mid-60s concentrated on the expression and physiology of emotion.他原本側重於言語行為,由六十年代中期,集中表達生理和情感. His second interest is interpersonal deception .他的第二興趣是人際欺騙. Pauls many honors have included the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award of the American Psychological Association in 1991, and an honorary doctor of humane letters from the University of Chicago in 1994.保羅的許多獎項包括傑出科學貢獻獎,美國心理學協會1991年一個名譽博士人文來信芝加哥大學在1994年. He has been designated one of the 100 most important psychologists of the twentieth century by the American Psychological Association .他已指定其中的100名最重要的心理學家,20世紀由美國心理協會. He authored Emotions Revealed : Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life , Telling Lies: Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace, Politics, and Marriage , Emotions Revealed : Understanding Faces and Feelings , Darwin and Facial Expression: A Century of Research in Review , The face of man: Expressions of universal emotions in a New Guinea village , coauthored Unmasking the Face and Why Kids Lie: How Parents Can Encourage Truthfulness , edited Emotions Inside Out: 130 Years After Darwins the Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals , and coedited What the Face Reveals : Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System .他執筆的情緒透露:認識面孔和情感,加強溝通和感情生活,假話:線索,以欺騙手段在市場中,政治與婚姻,情感透露:面臨理解和感受,達爾文和表情:一個世紀的研究檢討後,面對男:表達的普遍情緒,在新幾內亞村,種植海洛因和販毒活動,揭露和面對孩子為什麼說謊:父母如何鼓勵真,主編情緒夾起:130年後,達爾文的表達情感的人與動物,並coedited什麼面顯示:基礎研究和應用研究的自發表達用行動面部編碼系統. Read the full list of his publications!看過名單,他的出版物! In 2001, he collaborated with John Cleese for the excellent BBC documentary series The Human Face .2001年,他同約翰奶酪為優良廣播紀錄片系列的人臉. Watch Pauls interview conducted by the Institute of International Studies Conversations with History series.看保羅的訪談進行,由國際關係研究所,在交談中的歷史系列. (Or read the transcript !) Read The New Yorker article The Naked Face , the San Francisco Chronicle article The lie detective S.F psychologist has made a science of reading facial expressions , and the Smithsonian Magazine article Reading Faces . Lifeboat Foundation Bios: Dr. Paul Ekman